almost done with OOP

OOP/wiki.txt

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+-> class in python:
+
+    for ex:
+
+        class PlayerCharacter:
+            #class object attributes
+            membership = True
+            def __init__(self, name, age):
+                if( PlayerCharacter.membership):
+                    self.name = name #attributes
+                    self.age = age
+            
+            def run(self):
+                print('run')
+                return 'done'
+
+        
+        player1 = PlayerCharacter('Cindy', 44)
+        player2 = PlayerCharacter('Tom', 21)
+        
+
+        print(player1.name)
+        print(player2.name)
+
+
+        __init__: It's a dunder function.
+                    It's like constructor of class.
+                    It is defined for every class.
+    
+    help(<object-name>): gives entire blueprint of the object
+    help(<class-name>): gives entire blueprint of the object
+
+    class object attributes: its like a static data member of class
+
+
+-> @classmethod and @staticmethod:
+
+    for ex:
+        class dummy:
+            @classmethod
+            def fun1(cls, param1, param2):
+                ...do something...
+
+            @staticmethod
+            def fun1( param1, param2):
+                ...do something...
+
+        @classmethod and @staticmethod: Just like static member function
+                                        of class in C++ except in @classmethod
+                                        we use class attributes using 'cls'
+                                        keyword which acts like a this pointer
+                                        but in @staticmethod we can't do that.
+
+-> private variable:
+
+    python doesn't provide any means to limit the access of data members
+    of class. The only thing smart is to use convention.
+
+    Any variable with underscore means it's a private variable and
+    don't modify it.
+
+    For ex:
+        _name is private variable in a class.
+
+
+-> Inheritance:
+
+    For ex:
+
+        class User():
+            def sign_in(self):
+                print('logged in')
+
+        class Wizard(User):
+            def __init__(self, name, power):
+                self.name = name 
+                self.power = power
+
+            def attack(self):
+                print(f'attacking with power of {self.power}')
+
+        class Archer(User):
+            pass
+
+        wizard1 = Wizard()
+        print(wizard1.sign_in())
+
+-> isinstance function:
+
+    isinstance is a function to check if the instance belongs 
+    to a given class.
+
+    for ex:
+        isinstance(<instance>, <class>)
+
+-> Object class in python:
+
+    Every class inherits from Object class.
+
+-> Polymorphism:
+
+    The child class have function with same name doing different
+    functionality and the base class can also have same function
+    name but the child class could overide those function to do
+    its own functional logic
+
+-> dir():
+
+    It specify what are the functions and variable the instance of
+    a class(object) has access to.
+
+-> Dunder methods: